Aortic Coarctation in Pediatrics: Diagnostic Keys and Management Options and Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a congenital anomaly accounting for approximately 6–8% of all congenital heart diseases, with an estimated incidence of 4 per 10,000 live births. It is often associated with other cardiac and extracardiac malformations, such as bicuspid aortic valve and Turner syndrome. We present the case of a patient who, following a cranioencephalic trauma, spontaneously developed a hypertensive crisis. Intervention and Results: An initial Doppler renal ultrasound revealed pathological findings. Subsequently, a CT angiography was performed, which confirmed the presence of aortic coarctation. A multidisciplinary team opted for endovascular repair with the placement of an aortic stent, a procedure that was successfully carried out without complications at Hospital Metropolitano. Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation when faced with atypical findings, such as secondary hypertension due to aortic coarctation. CT angiography and endovascular intervention are key tools in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition, contributing to improved prognosis and patient quality of life.