Block Resection of Mandibular Ameloblastoma with Two-Stage Reconstruction: A Case Report

Abstract

Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive odontogenic tumor that primarily affects the jaws, most commonly the mandible. Its infiltrative growth pattern makes complete surgical excision challenging and increases the risk of recurrence. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation through imaging studies, including panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), complemented by histopathological analysis. Treatment depends on the extent of the lesion and the degree of tissue destruction, ranging from conservative procedures to extensive mandibular resections followed by reconstructive surgery. This report presents the case of a patient who underwent block resection of a mandibular ameloblastoma followed by reconstruction of the mandibular body and ramus using an autologous iliac crest graft and rigid internal fixation in two surgical stages. The procedure included segmental mandibular resection, mandibular reconstruction, and stabilization with rigid osteosynthesis to restore mandibular continuity and function. The postoperative course was favorable, with no significant intraoperative or postoperative complications. Adequate bone stability, functional restoration, and satisfactory aesthetic outcomes were achieved during clinical follow-up. The combination of surgical resection and mandibular reconstruction with an iliac crest graft represents an effective therapeutic approach for the management of extensive mandibular ameloblastomas, reducing the risk of recurrence while improving functional and aesthetic rehabilitation.