Enterovirus encephalitis: clinical and paraclinical analysis in pediatric patients in a tertiary hospital in Quito-Ecuador, from January to December 2016
Keywords:
viral encephalitis, enterovirus, neuroinfectionAbstract
Encephalitis is a rare entity with variable clinical manifestations. In children it is usually mild and self-limited. In 30-75% of cases, the etiology is unknown and when the pathogen is identified by PCR (polymerase chain reaction), 80% are enteroviruses. In Latin America specific diagnostic methods are not available. In our country very few centers carry out the specific test, real statistics of their incidence are not Correspondencia: María Jose FIerro available.
Objective: To correlate etiology with symptoms, laboratory results, imaging and electroencephalogram.
Methods: Cross-sectional study, clinical records of 63 children between 0 and 18 years hospitalized with suspected encephalitis from January to December 2016 were reviewed. Once Enterovirus was identified by PCR, it was correlated with the findings of laboratory and imaging tests.
Results: Viral encephalitis was confirmed in 35 patients, Enterovirus in 49%, predominance in pre-school age. Most common symptoms: fever, headache, meningeal signs and digestive symptoms, 24% alterations of consciousness. Normal blood count in 71%, Protein C Reactive altered in 71%. In patients with imaging studies, 6% had an abnormal result and in those who underwent electroencephalography, 80% were abnormal.
The Mann Whitney U was used for the statistical analysis, the relationship between enterovirus and alteration of consciousness and digestive symptoms was significant (p: 0.029)
Conclution: In patients with a diagnosis of encephalitis presenting digestive symptoms and altered state of consciousness, Enterovirus should be suspected as an etiologic agent.
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Copyright (c) 2018 María José Fierro, Andrea Nájera, Freud Cáceres, Joana Acebo MD3, Nicolás Espinosa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
